Pharmacological and Molecular Perspectives on Diabetes is a compilation of reviews on clinical and scientific aspects of diabetes mellitus. It presents 11 contributions by eminent scholars that give the reader rational pharmacological and genetic perspectives of the disease and its treatment. The reviews approach diabetes from different angles, and highlight research that has been done to understand some questions about the molecular biology of diabetes in experimental settings. Topics of clinical significance such as the use of different hypoglycemic agents, and diabetic complications in clinical settings are also covered. Topics included in this book are: - Epigenetic alterations and type 2 diabetes mellitus - Responses to nutritional chromium supplements for type 2 diabetes mellitus - Endocrine role of osteocalcin in homeostatic regulation of glucose metabolism - Effect of diabetes on memory - Osteoarthritis in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus: prevalence, etiology, symptoms and molecular mechanism - Infection of novel coronavirus in patients with diabetes mellitus - Role of an anti-inflammatory agent in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus - Role of antidiabetic agents which helps regulates TCF7L2 variations in type 2 diabetes mellitus - Relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus, PCOD and neurological disorders: role of antidiabetic drugs Comparison of different types of insulin available for type 1 diabetes treatment - Circadian rhythm disruption: special reference to type 2 diabetes mellitus - Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications: pharmacogenetics based correlations and circulating microRNA as biomarkers Pharmacological and Molecular Perspectives on Diabetes should prove to be of interest to all pharmaceutical and molecular biology scientists who are involved in research in anti-diabetic drug design and discovery, and practicing endocrinologists who wish to keep abreast of recent developments in the field.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by impaired glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. No effective treatments are available for T2D, although there have been many developments in the therapeutic arena. Nitric oxide (NO) is an endocrine agent with multiple and important biological roles in most mammalian tissues. NO has emerged as a central regulator of energy metabolism and body composition. NO bioavailability is decreased in T2D. Several of the pharmaceuticals used in T2D affect the NO system and perhaps even more so by the drugs we use to treat diabetic cardiovascular complications. Experimental works in animal models of T2D show promising results with interventions aimed to increase NO signaling. However, translation into human studies has so far been less successful, but more large-scale prolonged studies are clearly needed to understand its role. This book is a collection of reviews that deal with the role of nitric oxide in type 2 diabetes, providing a unique overview of NO signaling, and pointing out key areas for more detailed research. The book includes contributions about the pathophysiology of T2D, a brief history of discovery and timeline of NO research, a comprehensive overview of impaired NO metabolism in T2D, precursors of NO (i.e., L-arginine, L-citrulline, nitrate, nitrites, and NO donors), NO and T2D from genetic points of view, NO and diabetic wound healing, NO and osteoporosis, NO and hyperuricemia, NO and Alzheimer's Disease, therapeutic applications of NO and NO donors in T2D. The compilation is of great value to anyone interested in the biochemistry of NO and its relationship to diabetes.